Samara University

The success of the inaugural Global Dialogue should be measured by its ability to identify practical, action-oriented areas for international cooperation on AI governance, while respecting the central role of the United Nations and the primary responsibility of States in shaping national policies, regulatory approaches, and ensuring safety and security. Key outcomes could include: the articulation of shared approaches to safe, secure and trustworthy AI; the exchange of best practices and lessons learned from the application of AI in civilian sectors; discussions on methodologies for risk assessment, validation, and human oversight; and the identification of voluntary formats for capacity-building. Particular importance should be attached to continued discussions on the application of AI in civilian transport and infrastructure, including transport safety, logistics, infrastructure monitoring, and the resilience of urban and regional systems.

• Safe, secure and trustworthy AI
• AI capacity-building
• Transparency, accountability, and human oversight
• Social, economic, ethical, cultural, linguistic and technical implications of AI

The selected priorities reflect the need for balanced and well-governed application of AI in civilian sectors of the economy. Safe, secure and trustworthy AI is essential for transport and infrastructure systems, where the use of intelligent technologies must be accompanied by robust risk assessment, system reliability, and the preservation of meaningful human oversight. Capacity-building is critical to ensuring inclusive and non-discriminatory participation of States in AI development, including access to skills, data, infrastructure, and methodologies for safe and effective use. Transparency, accountability, and human oversight are necessary to strengthen trust in AI systems and to ensure alignment with national regulatory frameworks. Consideration of social, economic and technical implications is essential to assess the broader impact of AI on infrastructure development, logistics, safety, employment, and system resilience.

Additional attention could be given to the development of sector-specific AI models tailored to the needs of particular industries, including civilian transport, logistics, and infrastructure monitoring. Such approaches enable a transition from general-purpose AI to more accurate and context-aware systems adapted to sector-specific data, operational environments, and safety requirements. Further consideration should be given to synthetic data and digital simulation environments, which enable training and testing of AI systems in situations where real-world data is limited or where safety considerations require prior validation. Energy-efficient and resource-conscious AI approaches are also increasingly relevant, particularly for systems operating at the edge or under constrained computational conditions.

The Global Dialogue can play an important role as an inclusive UN platform for discussing international cooperation, sharing best practices, and exchanging lessons learned in AI governance. Its value lies in enabling States and stakeholders to compare approaches to regulation, risk assessment, transparency, accountability, and human oversight. The Dialogue can also contribute to a better understanding of capacity-building needs, including skills development, infrastructure access, and the responsible use of AI for sustainable development.

The Global Dialogue may benefit from taking into account national AI strategies, relevant initiatives within the UN system, as well as the practical experience of research institutions, academia, and industry. Particular importance should be given to the exchange of approaches related to risk assessment, validation of AI systems, workforce development, trusted data, and transparency. The added value of the Dialogue lies in fostering mutual understanding among States and stakeholders and in identifying compatible and complementary approaches, without encroaching upon national mandates in AI governance.

States bear primary responsibility for policymaking, regulation, the protection of rights and legitimate interests, ensuring safety, and defining national AI development priorities. The United Nations can provide an inclusive platform for dialogue and exchange. Research centers, academic institutions, industry, and private sector actors can contribute expert knowledge and practical experience, including research outcomes, methodologies, implementation practices, and approaches to skills development. Appropriate formats of engagement include thematic discussions, expert consultations, and exchanges of experience that do not require the sharing of sensitive data, technologies, or intellectual property.

Global discussions on AI governance would benefit from stronger representation of practitioners operating at the intersection of research, engineering, and real-world deployment of civilian AI systems. These include developers of applied solutions, engineers, validation specialists, operators of infrastructure systems, and representatives of educational and regional innovation ecosystems. Their participation can enhance the practical relevance of discussions by reflecting real-world constraints, safety requirements, data limitations, and regulatory conditions. Their inclusion may be facilitated through expert consultations, thematic exchanges, and written contributions, including the sharing of aggregated experience without disclosure of sensitive information.

To ensure meaningful and dynamic engagement, formats should remain consistent with the Dialogue's mandate as a forum for discussion and exchange. Relevant formats may include expert roundtables, thematic consultations, case-based discussions of AI applications, and sessions focused on methodologies for risk assessment, validation, transparency, and human oversight. A "practice-oriented dialogue" format could be particularly valuable, enabling States, academia, industry, and civil society to present lessons learned, policy approaches, and implementation insights rather than specific products or technologies. Such formats help preserve the intergovernmental and inclusive nature of the Dialogue while avoiding its transformation into a technology showcase.

Useful practices include the development of sector-specific AI models designed to address civilian applications in transport, logistics, and infrastructure. Effective approaches are those that integrate domain-specific data, safety requirements, validation procedures, human oversight, and alignment with national regulatory frameworks. Additional value is provided by multimodal data processing, synthetic data generation, pre-deployment risk assessment, and computational optimization. These approaches support the reliable and responsible use of AI in civilian systems while maintaining accountability, controllability, and alignment with public interest objectives.